Gene Editing

I 'm trying three methods of breeding , Farrant says : conventional , genetic modification arid gene editing .

法兰特说道:“我正在尝试三种育种方法，”常规方法、转基因法和基因编辑法。

But the most controversial application of gene editing is in human cells .

但最具争议的基因编辑应用是人体细胞。

Researchers in China are adopting gene editing with particular enthusiasm ;

中国的研究人员正在以尤为高涨的热情采用基因编辑；

He worries that something similar will happen with gene editing .

他担心类似的事情也会发生在基因编辑领域。

Most concern focuses on human gene editing .

人们最关心的是人类基因编辑。

Gene editing has been making huge strides in the past few years .

基因编辑在过去几年里取得了长足进展。

A more practical barrier to embryonic gene editing may be cost and complexity .

胚胎基因编辑的更实际障碍可能是成本和复杂性。

With good management and public support , gene editing could lead biotechnology into a golden age .

在良好的管理和公众支持下，基因编辑可能会引领生物科技进入一个黄金时代。

Arguably , so it is again today with gene editing , social media and artificial intelligence .

如今，基因编辑、社交媒体和人工智能的出现可以说同样如此。

Two scientists have won this year 's Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their discovery on gene editing .

两位科学家因在“基因编辑”方面的发现而荣获今年的诺贝尔化学奖。

And as a scientist , it 's wonderful to see all the creative work that 's going on with gene editing .

作为一名科学家，很高兴看到基因编辑方面的创造性工作。

People get very excited and concerned , appropriately , I think , on occasion about opportunities to use gene editing in systems where ,

人们非常兴奋和关心，我认为，适当地，偶尔在系统中使用基因编辑的机会，

The potential bite back from the latest crop of new technologies , such as gene editing and artificial intelligence , is terrifying .

最新这批技术（例如基因编辑和人工智能）的潜在反咬令人害怕。

Keen to address the ethical concerns , national scientific academies convened an international summit on human gene editing in Washington this month .

本月，急于应对伦理担忧的各国科研机构在华盛顿召开了一次国际人类基因编辑峰会。

American scientists have carried out similar experiments on humans , with some success , using an older gene editing tool called zinc finger nuclease .

美国科学家已经在人类身上进行了类似的实验，并取得了一些成功，他们使用了一种更古老的被称为锌指核酸酶技术的基因编辑工具。

Some have suggested at least a temporary halt to any gene editing research with human embryos but this would have an excessively chilling effect on science .

有些人已暗示，起码应暂停任何人类胚胎基因编辑研究，但这将对科学产生极大的冷却效应。

The first successful " gene editing " of human embryos to prevent transmission of inherited disease , announced this week , is a landmark in biotechnology .

首例为了防止遗传疾病传播而对人类胚胎进行“基因编辑”的成功实验在本周宣布，这是生物技术领域的一块里程碑。

Last year , James Clapper , director of national intelligence , included gene editing aimed at producing new biological weapons as among the nation 's top security threats .

去年，国家情报总监詹姆斯？克拉珀（JamesClapper）把旨在制造新生物武器的基因编辑列入国家最大安全威胁。

With gene editing tools , people can be more accurate , in-depth understanding to explore gene function , study disease mechanisms , establish a new strain , find effective treatment of hereditary diseases .

凭借基因编辑工具，人们可以更加准确、深入地了解探究基因功能、研究疾病机理、建立新品种，寻找到遗传性疾病治疗有效的手段。

While scientists are talking excitedly about the great promise and potential risks of gene editing , these have not yet received the attention they deserve from the public or policymakers .

尽管科学家们激动地谈论着基因编辑的宏大前景和潜在风险，但公众或政策制定者还没对这些投以应有的关注。

This is often true , but sometimes no healthy embryos are available - and , even when they are , gene editing could increase the number available to implant in the womb .

这个命题往往是正确的，但有时没有健康的胚胎可用——再说即使存在健康的胚胎，基因编辑也可以增加可植入子宫内的胚胎数量。

The Chinese researchers point out that in their experiment gene editing almost certainly caused more extensive damage than they documented ; they did not examine the entire genomes of the embryo cells .

中国的研究人员指出，在他们的实验中，基因编辑几乎肯定造成了比记载更加广泛的伤害；他们没有检查胚胎细胞中的整个基因组。

Critics also question the need for gene editing when pre-implantation diagnosis ( PGD ) , which selects healthy IVF embryos by a DNA test , can do the job , too .

当胚胎植入前遗传学诊断（PGD）——通过DNA测试来选择健康的体外受精（IVF）胚胎——也可以达到同样目的时，批评者还质疑基因编辑的必要性。

In September BGI captured the public imagination with an announcement that " micropigs , " originally developed for biomedical research through gene editing and cloning , would be sold as pets .

今年9月，华大基因宣布将销售通过基因编辑和克隆开发的“迷你猪”（最初用于生物医学研究）宠物，此举抓住了公众的想象力。

It is likely to contribute important innovations in consumer drones and driverless cars and in many other fields : The Chinese government is pouring immense resources into biotechnology , including new gene editing techniques .

它还可能给民用无人机、无人驾驶汽车以及其他许多领域带来重要的创新：中国政府向生物技术领域投入了巨量资源，包括新的基因编辑技术。

However , researchers at the Salk Institute claim to have landed on ' the holy grail of gene editing ' , which can delicately and smoothly cut through DNA .

然而，索尔克研究所的研究人员声称，他们已经发现了基因编辑的法宝，可以准确并顺利地切断DNA。

Earlier this year , the National Academies of Sciences , Engineering , and Medicine published a report on human genome editing , addressing potential applications of gene editing , including the possible prevention or treatment of disease .

今年早些时候，美国国家科学院、工程院和医学院发表了一份关于人类基因组编辑的报告，讨论了基因编辑的潜在应用，比如预防或治疗疾病的可能。

But advances such as gene editing and next-generation DNA sequencing allow scientists to weaponise new viruses , perhaps including custom pathogens engineered to overcome existing immunities or to be impervious to current drugs .

但基因编辑和新一代DNA测序等技术进步使得科学家可以把新病毒变成武器，或许包括用定制病原体攻破现有免疫系统或抵抗现有药物的影响。

Noting the many unresolved questions about gene editing of human embryos , a group of leading American researchers recently published a paper in the journal Science calling for a moratorium on doing such work for clinical purposes .

注意到对人类胚胎进行基因编辑存在诸多未解决的问题，一批杰出的美国研究人员最近在《科学》杂志发表文章，号召停止以临床应用为目的的研究工作。

This involved using the gene editing tool CRISPR-Cas9 to delete a gene known as CCR5 from bone marrow stem cells taken from a donor , before transplanting them into the patient , Peking University scientists said in the study .

参与研究的北京大学科学家说，治疗手段包括使用基因编辑工具CRISPR-Cas9从捐赠者的骨髓干细胞中删除一种名为CCR5的基因，然后将干细胞移植到患者体内。